This is an interesting topic here. A lot of English or Middle Eastern names use in the Chronicles.

Digory- lost one

Polly- Little or humble

Peter- Rock

Susan- Lily

Edmund- Protection

Lucy- Light

Eustace- Fruitful

Jill- Jove's child

Aslan- "Lion" in Turkish

Jadis- "Witch" in Turkish

Tash- "Stone" in Turkish

Caspian- name for the Caspian sea (must explain his voyage on the Easter Ocean in Voyage Of The Dawn Treader)

Miraz- "mirage", like he's hiding behind a mask

Puggleglum- it might suggests he's "glum".

Shift- his shiftiness and cleverness

Puzzle- perplexed

Ginger- it was because of his coloring

Rishda- it might suggest "charmer", because he's an manipulative leader, using it to get the Narnians to join him so the Calormenes could take over Narnia.

Emeth- "Faithful" and "True" in Hebrew... he had been seeking Aslan all this time without knowing it.