Naarm (or Narrm), which, as @waggawerewolf27 has just mentioned, is the Aboriginal name (specifically in the local Woiwurrung language) for the area where the City of Melbourne is.

Posted by: @waggawerewolf27

in 1835, John Batman planned to settle the Port Phillip city now called Melbourne (or Naarm), but which he wanted to call Batmania, at first. 

... and let's just say probably all of us Melburnians are grateful he didn't get his way.  

Mahtomedi, Minnesota, USA

Ipswich, in Queensland (pictured), which state of Australia was once merely part of NSW, until 1859. The famed Captain Cook did not discover Australia, itself, only the unexplored East Coast, from NSW's border with Victoria, right up to Possession Island at the very tip of Cape Yorke Peninsula. There, he claimed what he discovered for Great Britain, calling it New South Wales, prefacing his remarks with an acknowledgement of the many Dutch Republic explorers, who had already mapped much of the rest of New Holland, which was Australia's previous name. 

disco

Haworth, in West Yorkshire, England, famous for being the home of the Brontë sisters. 

Holland   - part of the Netherlands (aka The Low Countries). For years we were told not to use this name, but these days it's often used to refer to the whole Netherlands. 

Dutch Republic, which was founded seven to nine years before English Queen Elizabeth I's 1588 Spanish Armada victory, when 7 breakaway provinces of King Philip II of Spain's Spanish Netherlands, united under William the Silent, and which went on to colonise the Dutch East Indies, founding its capital, Batavia, in 1619, & sending out from there, several explorers, such as Abel Tasman, who discovered Van Diemen's Land & New Zealand, in 1642 AD as well as calling the Australian mainland, New Holland in 1644, when he explored its Western & Northern coastlines, including the west coast of Cape Yorke Peninsula to its topmost peak at Possession Island.

Captain James Cook's circumnavigation of New Zealand, plus his 1768-1771 1st voyage discovery of the previously unexplored East Coast of New Holland which he claimed for the British Crown, on Possession Island (22/8/1770), naming it New South Wales, did clear up some mysteries, but though he visited Van Diemen's Land in 1777, for water & timber, he didn't claim any perceived Dutch discoveries for Great Britain, nor did he ever find out whether or not New Holland and Van Diemen's Land were joined together. The existence of the Dutch Republic played a huge part in Australia's history & mapping, but it finished in 1795, in the wake of the American & French Revolutions, when its last Stadtholder (Head of State -William V, Prince of Orange), escaping from the Batavian Revolution, wrote to Dutch colonies to turn themselves over to Great Britain rather than the French, according to Wikipedia. I've included a map to show:

Abel Tasman's two voyages.

Cape Town, South Africa. 

North Korea

Athens, Greece

Switzerland

Denmark 

Kyrgyzstan

New Zealand, discovered by Abel Tasman in 1642, named originally Staten Land & subsequently circumnavigated by Captain Cook in 1770 before he reached the East Coast of New Holland, stopping at Botany Bay, in Australia, on 29th April 1770 on his first voyage, having been tasked to solve a mystery about Abel Tasman's findings, such as where New Zealand ended in the East Pacific Ocean and where the East Coast of New Holland began.

The name New Zealand commemorates one of the 7 provinces of the original Dutch Republic, along with New Holland, named for another such province, & given to the Australian mainland in 1644. 

Deering, North Dakota, USA

Grand Rapids, a city in Minnesota