@courtenay fine. 

Arkansas, a state in USA.

[Or a city?  * checks*  Yes  a state.]

Hmmm, but do we use the final S of that as the start of the next word when it's pronounced Arkansaw??  

Regardless... Southwark, an inner southern borough of London, which isn't pronounced the way it looks either. (It's something like "Suth'rk".)

Knightsbridge,  a fancy shopping district in London. 

Eriador, a mythical country in Tolkien's Middle Earth, where the story of the Lord of the Rings began.

@coracle No, @waggawerewolf27 changed her answer, which was originally Sumatra.    (I assume you didn't see my follow-up, Wagga.)

Yes, that is right, I did change around my answer from Sumatra to another well-known Indonesian island, called Sulawesi. And no, I didn't see Courtenay's following answer, either. Worse, I took so long in answering, that I've had to change my answer to the thread, anyway. 

@ Courtenay: Australia, which is the smallest continent on Earth and some say it is also the largest island. (We certainly learned this at school, not that we were biased or anything, of course.

Actually, Australia was joined to the island of New Guinea, as well as Tasmania, and so it qualifies as a continent, according to the experts, who called this pre-Ice Age continent, Sahul. Whilst neighbouring Indonesia, which also broke up in ongoing volcanic & seismic activity, was called Sunda. 

And Coracle would be ever so pleased to learn that New Zealand has its very own continent, when it is close to the border between the Pacific & Australian tectonic plates.

No, I didn't learn this at school, only in Christmas, 2023, when I was trying to find out how & when the Aborigines reached Australia, when it is fairly well-known that the Māori people reached New Zealand sometime before 1300 AD. (or CE, if anyone is so fussy that they don't want to use the Venerable Bede's way of working out time).

Richmond, a pleasant town in Greater London.  

Dusseldorf, a city in Germany.

Falkirk, Scotland

Kirkcudbright, also in Scotland. (Pronounced Ker-coo-bree, just to make it more interesting. It comes from the Gaelic term for "chapel of Cuthbert", the early medieval Anglo-Celtic saint.) 

Trier, another city in Germany.

Rincón de Romos [Aguascalientes, Mexico]

Sidon, an ancient town in Lebanon, once Phoenicia, which capitulated to Alexander the Great in 332 BCE, unlike Tyre, the more famous city it was mostly associated with. 

Nineveh, the ancient capital city of Assyria in Mesopotamia (the ruins of which are now part of Mosul in northern Iraq). Famous for, among other things, being the place a certain reluctant prophet called Jonah didn't want to go to, until a large fish (or whale?) changed his mind...  

Hamadan, Iran, the capital of the Medes of Biblical fame, where a scroll, written by Darius was found, giving permission for Ezra to rebuild the temple at Jerusalem, mentioned in Ezra 6:2.

Newport, city in Wales.

Tarija [Bolivia]