Quite a story!

Russian fighters in WW2 were supplied by Arctic convoys from North America, UK and Iceland to Murmansk and Arkhangelsk.

Surely they must've gotten very cold during those trips?

To be sure, Arctic expeditions are very cold (and can be quite dangerous).

U-boats, the feared German submarines, would harass Atlantic and Arctic convoys to stop them reaching port.

Very many means of transport were hazardous during WWII.

Weather conditions, whether at sea in the Atlantic, or on the Eastern European front, increased the hazards of World War II fighting.

(X-Rays are not very useful in predicting weather.)

Yet World War II accelerated the development of many technologies, including the use of X-rays in learning about weather patterns.

Zero knowledge of this subject means my contribution will be minimal.

Antibiotic treatment as well as yearly X-rays reduced for a while the impact of tuberculosis, a much better known use of x-rays than learning about weather patterns.

But X-rays are used minimally today, due to known health risks.

Cracked and fractured bones are routinely diagnosed by X-rays, so that doctors can find the best ways to treat even the smallest injuries.

Doctors go through extensive training in order to be able to care for their patients.

Exactly, that's why they make the big bucks.